Policy Innovation for Protecting Online Motorcycle Taxi Drivers in Jakarta’s Platform Ecosystem
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kerentanan kerja driver ojek online dalam ekosistem platform di Jakarta serta merumuskan model inovasi kebijakan perlindungan kerja yang lebih implementatif dan terukur. Studi ini berangkat dari pandangan bahwa kerentanan driver tidak hanya dipengaruhi fluktuasi permintaan pasar, tetapi juga mekanisme tata kelola platform digital melalui alokasi order, insentif berbasis kinerja, sistem rating, komplain, dan sanksi pembatasan akses. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus instrumental. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam semiterstruktur terhadap 18 driver ojek online, diperkuat dengan observasi terbatas, analisis dokumen, dan penelusuran artefak digital. Data dianalisis secara tematik melalui teknik explanation building serta triangulasi antarsumber untuk meningkatkan kredibilitas temuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan kerja driver masih lemah akibat belum adanya standar minimum yang dapat diaudit pada titik kontrol digital, fragmentasi kewenangan lintas sektor, keterbatasan data dan pengawasan, serta rendahnya transparansi pengaduan dan pemulihan akses. Penelitian mengusulkan enam pilar kebijakan: standar perlindungan minimum, jaminan sosial adaptif, keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja berbasis risiko, akuntabilitas platform, implementasi kolaboratif, dan indikator evaluasi terukur. Temuan menegaskan perlunya perlindungan driver sebagai isu tata kelola kerja digital yang menjamin standar, keadilan prosedural, dan pengawasan negara.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31845/jwk.v29i2.1056
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