Implementasi Kebijakan Pengembangan Kompetensi berbasis E-learning melalui Program Flexible Micro Learning di Instansi Pemerintah
Abstract
This study analyses the implementation of e-learning-based competency development policy at the Center for Learning and Policy Strategy for National Civil Service Talent, National Institute of Public Administration through the Flexible Micro Learning (FML) program. The research employs a descriptive quantitative approach using Edwards III's policy implementation model, which encompasses communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure dimensions. Data were collected from 54 civil servants participating in the FML program through questionnaires and structured interviews. The findings indicate that policy implementation falls into the "good" category with an overall score of 86.87%. The resources dimension obtained the highest score (87.70%), followed by communication (87.00%), disposition (86.88%), and bureaucratic structure (84.41%). However, several obstacles were identified, including time limitations, a shortage of specialised human resources (Instructional Technology Developers), budget constraints, and the absence of detailed operational standards. Through SWOT analysis, this study formulates four strategic recommendations: strengthening external collaboration, developing human resource collaboration strategies, mitigating policy and technical risks, and conducting regular consultations with stakeholders.
Keywords
References
Amaliasari, I., & Priyadi, B. P. (2021). Implementasi Kebijakan Pelatihan Kepemimpinan Nasional Tingkat II Melalui E-Learning di Lembaga Administrasi Negara. Journal of Public Policy And Management Review, 16(2), 16–35.
Anshari, M., & Hamdan, M. (2023). Enhancing e-government with a digital twin for innovation management. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 14(6), 1055–1065. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-11-2021-0176
Arcia, A., Stonbraker, S., Mangal, S., & Lor, M. (2024). A Practical Guide to Participatory Design Sessions for the Development of Information Visualizations: Tutorial. Journal of Participatory Medicine, 16. https://doi.org/10.2196/64508
Arras, S., & Beyers, J. (2020). Access to European Union Agencies: Usual Suspects or Balanced Interest Representation in Open and Closed Consultations? Journal of Common Market Studies, 58(4), 836–855. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12991
Banda, L. G. (2024). A commentary on Manazir non-linear policy process model. SN Social Sciences, 4(12). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43545-024-01030-4
Bao, Y., Zhang, Z., & Yang, C. (2025). A Meta-Analytic Review of Transformational Leadership Research in Public Administration. American Review of Public Administration, 55(2), 154–174. https://doi.org/10.1177/02750740241290810
Bloom, B. S. (1984). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. Allyn and Bacon.
Bullock, H. L., Lavis, J. N., Wilson, M. G., Mulvale, G., & Miatello, A. (2021). Understanding the implementation of evidence-informed policies and practices from a policy perspective: a critical interpretive synthesis. Implementation Science, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-021-01082-7
Camarinha-Matos, L. M., & Afsarmanesh, H. (2006). Collaborative Networks: A New Paradigm in the Knowledge Economy. Knowledge Enterprise: Intelligent Strategies in Product Design, Manufacturing, and Management, 26–40. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-34403-9_4
Cardoso, T. J., & Gomes, P. P. (2025). Advancing digital competencies in public administration empowering civil servants in the digital age. In Digital Competency Development for Public Officials Adapting New Technologies in Public Services. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-6547-2.ch002
Cidral, W. A., Oliveira, T., Di Felice, M., & Aparicio, M. (2018). E-learning success determinants: Brazilian empirical study. Computers and Education, 122(December 2017), 273–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.12.001
Cohn, H., Patterson, A., Krishnan, D., Babu, R., Biel, L., Gardner, C., & Levine, D. (2025). Enhancing leadership transitions in student-run clinics: a quality improvement initiative to standardise onboarding. BMJ Open Quality, 14(4). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2025-003602
Cresswell, J. W., & Cresswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design (5th ed.).
Dempster, G., Sutherland, G., & Keogh, L. (2019). Public Engagement for Regulatory Reform: A Case Study of Autologous Stem Cell Therapy Regulation in Australia. Science Communication, 41(5), 527–551. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547019854767
Edwards, G. C. (1980). Implementing Public Policy. Congressional Quarterly Press.
Erkut, B. (2020). From digital government to digital governance: Are we there yet? Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(3), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12030860
Fahmi, I. (2014). Manajemen Strategis: Teori dan Aplikasi. Alfabeta.
Fasific, S., Lubis, Z., & Siregar, N. S. S. (2023). Implementasi Diklat E-Learning dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Pegawai Kantor Bea Cukai Belawan, Sumatera Utara. Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences, 5(4), 3260–3267. https://doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v5i4.1706
Flinchbaugh, C., Ishqaidef, G., & Chadwick, C. (2020). A Shared Human Resources Change Initiative: What Influences (in)Effectiveness? Journal of Change Management, 20(4), 369–386. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697017.2020.1758748
Fowler, L. (2020). How to implement policy: Coping with ambiguity and uncertainty. Public Administration, 99(3), 581–597. https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12702
Haboddin, M., & Damayanti, R. (2021). Pemanfaatan Teknologi Dalam Tata Kelola Pemerintahan. Seminar Nasional Ilmu Politik Dan Hubungan Internasional, 1–14.
Hamouche, S., Bani-Melhem, S., Haj-Salem, N., Abdalla Mohamed Abdalla Alraeesi, A., & Jamal Bani-Melhem, A. (2025). Digital leadership and employee creativity: exploring the role of digital literacy and learning orientation. Employee Relations, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-02-2025-0094
Hariyanti, A. M. S., Nurayuni, I., Sa’diyah, I. S., Herawati, A. R., & Kismartini. (2022). Implementasi E-Government dalam Pelayanan Publik (Studi Kasus Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan KTP Elektronik di Kecamatan Pulomerak). Jurnak Manajemen Dan Ilmu Administrasi Publik, 4(3), 203–208.
Hidayati, U., Sumarni, Suprapto, Ma’rifataini, L., Hanun, F., Taufik, O. A., & Warnis. (2023). The effect of system reliability, information sharing and service quality on e-learning net benefit in public sector organizations. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(3), 1397–1404. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2023.3.024
Hill, C. W. L., Jones, G. R., & Galvin, P. (2004). Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach. John Wiley & Sons.
Hollimon, L. A., Taylor, K. V, Fiegenbaum, R., Carrasco, M., Garchitorena Gomez, L., Chung, D., & Seixas, A. A. (2025). Redefining and solving the digital divide and exclusion to improve healthcare: going beyond access to include availability, adequacy, acceptability, and affordability. Frontiers in Digital Health, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2025.1508686
Ibrahim, I. (2022). Pelaksanaan Diklat Teknis Berbasis E-Learning Dalam Rangka Pengembangan Kompetensi Asn Pada Badan Diklat Provinsi Gorontalo. Diklat Review: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Dan Pelatihan, 6(2), 122–128. https://doi.org/10.35446/diklatreview.v6i2.829
Jeffers, A., Kuiper, N. M., Ramakrishnan, A., Swarna, H., Goodman, K., Gandhi, P., & Mendez Morello, M. I. (2025). Building trust in community-academic partnerships: Strategies for enhancing vaccine confidence and demand – Lessons from Prevention Research Centers. Vaccine, 60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127624
Katernyak, I., Loboda, V., & Kulya, M. (2018). eLearning within the Community of Practice for sustainable development. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 8(3), 312–322. https://doi.org/10.1108/HESWBL-03-2018-0030
Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi RI. (2020). Tingkatkan Kompetensi ASN dengan E-learning. PAN RB. https://www.menpan.go.id/site/berita-terkini/tingkatkan-kompetensi-asn-dengan-e-learning
Koelmann, H., Koddebusch, M., Bücker, J., Egloffstein, M., & Becker, J. (2023). Structuring Continuous Education Offers for E-Government-Competence Acquisition: A Morphological Box. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 14153 LNCS, 82–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41617-0_6
Lahti, M., Nenonen, S. P., & Sutinen, E. (2022). Co-working, co-learning and culture – co-creation of future tech lab in Namibia. Journal of Corporate Real Estate, 24(1), 40–58. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCRE-01-2021-0004
Leggatt, M., George, N. C., Gamra, S., Leal, P., Paquet, C., & Adams, A. M. (2026). Co-designing social prescribing pathways: guidance on the use of deliberative dialogues for inclusive implementation. BMC Primary Care, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-025-03041-3
Lembaga Administrasi Negara Republik Indonesia. (2022). Annual Report LAN 2022. Lembaga Administrasi Negara Republik Indonesia.
Liu, H. C. (2017). A study of the performance evaluation on e-learning in public sectors. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 13(9), 6295–6301. https://doi.org/10.12973/EURASIA.2017.01064A
Lovell, H., Nixon, C., & Betzold, A. (2023). Policy mobilities and the policy cycle: An analysis using two smart grid case studies. Geoforum, 144(May), 103818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103818
Lukito, I., & Haryono, H. (2020). Optimalisasi Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Metode E-Learning di Lingkungan Kementerian Hukum dan HAM. Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum, 14(2), 339. https://doi.org/10.30641/kebijakan.2020.v14.339-360
Lulaj, E. (2024). Thriving amidst uncertainty: a financial blueprint for the public budget. Public Sector Economics, 48(4), 494–528. https://doi.org/10.3326/pse.48.4.5
McIlduff, C., Forster, M., Carter, E., Davies, J., Thomas, S., Turner, K. M. T., Wilson, C. B., & Sanders, M. R. (2020). Model of engaging communities collaboratively: Working towards an integration of implementation science, cultural adaptation and engagement. International Journal of Critical Indigenous Studies, 13(1), 45–69. https://doi.org/10.5204/ijcis.v13i1.1346
Mishra, S. S., & Hagos, Z. (2025). Urban Land Lease Policy Implementation in Ethiopia: Do Transformational Leadership and Public Participation Matter? Public Organization Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-025-00971-5
Nagy, V., & Duma, L. (2023). Measuring efficiency and effectiveness of knowledge transfer in e-learning. Heliyon, 9(7). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17502
Nanjappa, S., Ghosh, V., Acharya, S., Mukerjee, H. S., & Stl, V. (2023). Microlearning in corporate settings: practitioner perspectives. Human Resource Development International, 26 (5), 655–662. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2022.2160688
Nazir, M. (2005). Metode Penelitian (6th ed.). Ghalia Indonesia.
Petak, Z. (2023). The Stages Heuristic in Public Policy: Advantages and Limitations of the Policy Cycle Approach | Fazna Heuristika U Javnim Politikama: Prednosti I Ograničenja Cikličkog Pristupa. Anali Hrvatskog Politoloskog Drustva, 20(1), 135–154. https://doi.org/10.20901/an.20.12
Peters, B. G. (2020). Public Policy Studies: Academic Roots and Practical Significance. Arab Center for Research & Policy Studies, 3(2), 23–34.
Pokharel, G., Das, S., & Fowler, P. J. (2024). Discretionary Trees: Understanding Street-Level Bureaucracy via Machine Learning. Proceedings of the Aaai Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 38(20), 22303–22312. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i20.30236
Pradier, C., Balinska, M. A., & Bailly, L. (2023). Enhancing multi-sectoral collaboration in health: the open arena for public health as a model for bridging the knowledge-translation gap. Frontiers in Health Services, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/frhs.2023.1216234
Rixer, Á. (2024). Consultation and central public administration in Hungary. International Journal of Public Law and Policy, 10(3), 334–358. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPLAP.2024.139527
Rossi, P., & Bertotti, T. (2019). The horizontal construction of discretion in social care services. Street-level bureaucracy between organizational identities and integration processes | La costruzione «orizzontale» della discrezionalità nei servizi sociali, tra identità organizzative e . Politiche Sociali, 6(3), 447–468.
Sætren, H. (2024). An intellectual history and state-of-the-art assessment of policy implementation research and theory. In Handbook of Public Policy Implementation. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800885905.00008
Sager, F., & Gofen, A. (2022). The polity of implementation: Organizational and institutional arrangements in policy implementation. Governance, 35(2), 347–364. https://doi.org/10.1111/gove.12677
Schuster, D., & Mossig, I. (2022). Power Relations in Multistakeholder Initiatives—A Case Study of the German Initiative on Sustainable Cocoa (GISCO). Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/su141811279
Serema, M. M., Shihomeka, S. P., & Shalyefu, R. K. (2023). Adoption and Utilisation of Workplace E-Learning Practices in the Public Sector Organisations: A Systematic Review. Journal of Learning for Development, 10(3), 346–360. https://doi.org/10.56059/jl4d.v10i3.944
Smaldino, S. E., Lowthe, D. L., Mims, C., & Russell, J. D. (2019). Instructional Technology and Media for Learning (12th ed.). Pearson Education.
Sugiyono. (2010). Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R & D.
Suryanto, A., Nurdin, N., Irawati, E., & Andriansyah. (2023). Digital transformation in enhancing knowledge acquisition of public sector employees. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(1), 117–124. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2022.11.011
Tangi, L., Janssen, M., Benedetti, M., & Noci, G. (2021). Digital government transformation: A structural equation modelling analysis of driving and impeding factors. International Journal of Information Management, 60(April), 102356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102356
Train, K. J., & April, K. (2020). Compassion capability in resource-limited organizations in South Africa. Africa Journal of Management, 6(1), 6–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2020.1717284
Trondal, J. (2021). Public administration sustainability and its organizational basis. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 87(2), 399–415. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852319869430
Vadithe, R. N., & Kesari, B. (2025). Impact of HR Digitalisation on HR Transformation, HR Analytics and Artificial Intelligence: A Mediation Analysis. South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management. https://doi.org/10.1177/23220937251326985
Xanthopoulou, P., Antoniadis, I., & Avlogiaris, G. (2023). Unveiling the drivers of digital governance adoption in public administration. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 21(4), 454–467. https://doi.org/10.21511/PPM.21(4).2023.35
Yew, S. Q., Trivedi, D., Adanan, N. I. H., & Chew, B. H. (2025). Facilitators and Barriers to the Implementation of Digital Health Technologies in Hospital Settings in Lower- and Middle-Income Countries Since the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Scoping Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27. https://doi.org/10.2196/63482
Yuningsih, Y. (2021). Implementasi e-learning di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Kasus pada Latsar CPNS di Puslatbang PKASN LAN. Jurnal Wacana Kinerja: Kajian Praktis-Akademis Kinerja Dan Administrasi Pelayanan Publik, 24(1), 111. https://doi.org/10.31845/jwk.v24i1.693
Yusuf, M., Bernardianto, R. B., Satia, H. M. R., Nurhasanah, N., Irwani, I., Setyoko, P. I., & Saputra, A. S. (2023). Investigating the Role Transformational Leadership, Innovative Work Behavior, And Team Member Exchange on Public Service Organization Performance | Investigando A Liderança Transformacional, O Comportamento Inovador No Trabalho E A Troca De Membros Da Equ. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(6). https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i6.868
Article metrics
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31845/jwk.v29i1.1052
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Widaningsih Widaningsih

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
JURNAL WACANA KINERJA INDEXED BY:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
@2025 National Civil Service Talent Policy Strategy and Learning Center (Pusat Pembelajaran dan Strategi Kebijakan Talenta Aparatur Sipil Negara Nasional Lembaga Administrasi Negara - Pusjar SKTAN) Jl. Kiara Payung KM. 4, 7 Jatinangor, Sumedang, Jawa Barat 45366 Telp. (022) 7790048-7790044-7790049-7782041-7782042 Fax. (022) 7790055-7782178; Email: wacanakinerja@yahoo.com; wacanakinerja@gmail.com
Powered by OJS








